Keyphrases
- social presence
- social interaction
- computer mediated
- computer mediated communication
- communication tools
- collaborative learning
- instant messaging
- social learning
- positive effects
- distance learning
- statistically significant
- student perceptions
- learning community
- attitudes toward
- student satisfaction
- discussion forums
- online learning
- behavior patterns
- significantly higher
- college students
- gender differences
- learning environment
- learning outcomes