Modified particle swarm optimization in a time-dependent vehicle routing problem: minimizing fuel consumption.
Narges NorouziMohsen Sadegh Amal NickReza Tavakkoli-MoghaddamPublished in: Optim. Lett. (2017)
Keyphrases
- vehicle routing problem
- travel time
- fuel consumption
- particle swarm optimization
- metaheuristic
- pso algorithm
- routing problem
- multi objective
- global optimization
- differential evolution
- particle swarm optimization pso
- traffic data
- ant colony optimization
- swarm intelligence
- traffic congestion
- tabu search
- urban areas
- combinatorial optimization
- pid controller
- traffic conditions
- traveling salesman problem
- genetic algorithm
- benchmark problems
- optimization algorithm
- linear programming
- search algorithm
- objective function