On the Effectiveness of Pre-Trained Language Models for Legal Natural Language Processing: An Empirical Study.
Dezhao SongSally GaoBaosheng HeFrank SchilderPublished in: IEEE Access (2022)
Keyphrases
- language model
- natural language processing
- pre trained
- language modeling
- n gram
- document retrieval
- language modelling
- speech recognition
- probabilistic model
- retrieval model
- statistical language models
- query expansion
- information retrieval
- information extraction
- machine learning
- test collection
- text mining
- data mining
- smoothing methods
- relevance model
- document ranking
- language models for information retrieval
- question answering
- training examples
- bayesian networks
- training data
- action recognition
- pseudo relevance feedback
- wordnet
- image classification
- prior knowledge
- natural language
- statistical language modeling