Keyphrases
- ant colony optimization
- metaheuristic
- variable neighborhood search
- metaheuristic algorithms
- traveling salesman problem
- combinatorial optimization
- swarm intelligence
- tabu search
- minimum spanning tree
- combinatorial optimization problems
- simulated annealing
- optimization problems
- aco algorithm
- path relinking
- optimal solution
- ant colony optimization algorithm
- particle swarm optimization
- combinatorial problems
- genetic algorithm
- nature inspired
- scatter search
- vehicle routing problem
- search space
- benchmark instances
- aco algorithms
- solution space
- particle swarm optimization pso
- routing problem
- hybrid method
- heuristic methods
- linear programming
- hybrid algorithm
- global optimization
- lower bound
- branch and bound algorithm
- ant colony optimisation