4PL routing problem using hybrid beetle swarm optimization.

Fuqiang Lu Weidong Chen Wenjing Feng Hualing Bi

Published in: Soft Comput. (2023)

Keyphrases

routing problem
swarm optimization
vehicle routing problem
swarm intelligence
pso algorithm
ant colony optimization
particle swarm optimization pso
particle swarm optimization
traveling salesman problem
travel time
routing algorithm
multicommodity flow
global optimization
machine learning
cellular automata