Maximum likelihood amplitude scale estimation for quantization-based watermarking in the presence of dither.
Ivo D. ShterevReginald L. LagendijkPublished in: Security, Steganography, and Watermarking of Multimedia Contents (2005)
Keyphrases
- maximum likelihood
- parameter estimation
- maximum likelihood estimation
- estimation algorithm
- watermark embedding
- log likelihood function
- maximum likelihood estimator
- additive noise
- watermarking scheme
- data hiding
- quantization index modulation
- likelihood function
- spread spectrum
- em algorithm
- expectation maximization
- copyright protection
- image authentication
- image sequences
- fragile watermarking
- digital watermarking
- quantization error
- human visual system
- maximum a posteriori
- scale space
- digital images