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A zero watermarking approach for content authentication and tampering detection of Arabic text based on fourth level order and word mechanism of Markov model.

Fahd N. Al-WesabiKhalid MahmoodNadhem Nemri
Published in: J. Inf. Secur. Appl. (2020)
Keyphrases
  • markov model
  • digital images
  • markov chain
  • pairwise
  • bayesian networks