Keyphrases
- expectation maximization
- preprocessing
- experimental evaluation
- optimal solution
- high accuracy
- detection algorithm
- recognition algorithm
- data model
- np hard
- neural network
- ant colony optimization
- theoretical analysis
- significant improvement
- improved algorithm
- search space
- classification algorithm
- tree structure
- learning algorithm
- optimization algorithm
- path planning
- computational complexity
- lower bound
- worst case
- selection algorithm
- estimation algorithm
- dynamic programming
- times faster
- data sets
- matching algorithm
- single pass
- experimental study
- segmentation algorithm
- particle swarm optimization
- input data
- computational cost
- cost function
- k means
- objective function